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Showing 1 to 17 of 17 for “"Acetylgalactosamine"”.
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Discovery of prognostic biomarkers from the prostate cancer membrane proteome using bioorthogonal chemistry
… to use synthetic precursors of sialic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine that had been labelled with an azide group (N-azidoacetylmannosamine (Ac4ManNAz) and N-azidoacetylgalactosamine (Ac4GalNAz)), and which are incorporated biosynthetically into cell surface glycans, to monitor changes in cell …
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Characterization of AgaR and YihW, Members of the DeoR Family of Transcriptional Regulators, and GlpE, a Rhodanese Belonging to the GlpR Regulon, Also a Member of the DeoR Family
… coli</i> thought to control the metabolism of N-acetylgalactosamine, is a member of the DeoR family of transcriptional regulators. Three transcriptional promoters within a cluster of genes containing the gene for AgaR were identified, specific for <i>agaR, agaZ</i> and <i>agaS</i>, and the …
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FROM GENE TO STRUCTURE: Formation of Iduronic Acid in Dermatan Sulfate by Two DS-epimerases
… of a repeating disaccharide unit consisting of N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid/iduronic acid. Formation of iduronic acid through epimerisation of glucuronic acid is a key modification in dermatan sulfate biosynthesis. In the present thesis two enzymes have been identified that catalyzes …
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Acanthamoebal surface properties and the modulation of phagocytosis
… mannose and glucose, with the addition of N-acetylgalactosamine on cysts. The importance of such surface properties was investigated with respect to phagocytosis of polystyrene latex microspheres, of different surface types and size. Investigations into the optimum conditions of uptake of …
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Sex-specific gene expression and its effect on osteoclast maturation
… glycosyltransferase responsible for attaching N-acetylgalactosamine to serine/threonine residues. This sugar is later used as a substrate for sialylation. Our analysis found that terminal α2-3 sialylation is necessary for proper osteoclast differentiation and morphology, but removal of these …
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Characterisation of the Helix pomatia agglutinin binding glycoproteins of colorectal cancer cell lines and tissue samples
… in the cell lines and the monosaccharides N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, and sialic acid were used to inhibit the interaction between the lectin and the cancer cells. A proteomic approach based on cell membrane isolation, pre-fractionation using lectin affinity chromatography, …
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Pretargeted cancer radioimmunotherapy and radioimaging using antibodies and antibody fragments
… (TF) is a disaccharide (Galactose [beta]1-3 N-acetylgalactosamine) antigen, which is present on about [about]90% of carcinomas. The TF expression on the tumor cell is correlated with poor prognosis and tumor propagation. TF antigen is also involved in cell to cell adhesion and metastasis, …
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Biological Functions of Iduronic Acid in Chondroitin/Dermatan Sulfate in Tumor and Brain Development
… of alternating disaccharide units (i.e. N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid/iduronic acid). CS/DS is a very dynamic structure, as it can be greatly modified by epimerization and sulfation. Epimerization is catalyzed by two enzymes, DS-epimerase 1 (DS-epi1) and 2 (DS-epi2), resulting …
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Analysis of Macrophage-‐Derived Inflammatory Response in the Presence of Glycosaminoglycans: A Possible Clue on the Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Morquio A
… by the functional loss of the enzyme N-‐acetylgalactosamine-‐6-‐ sulfatase (GALNS). The absence of GALNS leads to the chronic accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans keratan sulfate (KS) and possibly chondroitin-‐6 sulfate (C6S). KS accumulation occurs in the lysosomes of KS-‐rich …
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Evaluation of Select Publicly Available in Silico Methods for Predicting Functional Effects of Missense Mutations in the GALNS Gene
… caused by a deficiency of lysosomal enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS). In the severe form of the disease, life expectancy is less than 30 years. More than 200 unique missense mutations have been identified in the GALNS gene, with effects ranging from no change in function …
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Study of Glycan-Mediated Interactions by Photocrosslinking GlcNAc and GalNAc Analogs
… N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) analogs, GlcNDAz and GalNDAz. I will demonstrate the incorporation of GlcNDAz into N-linked glycans using complementary methods and the applications of GlcNDAz in identification of binding partners of two glycan binding …
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Development of a Cellular Model for Morquio A Syndrome
… disorder characterized by the deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS), resulting in the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as keratan sulfate (KS) (Northover et al., 1996) and chondroitin-6-sulfate. There is no applicable animal model or appropriate cell lines …
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O antigen biosynthesis in Gram-negative bacteria: Characterization of alpha1,4-glucosyltransferase WclY from Escherichia coli O117 and development of glycosyltransferase inhibitors.
… in the O antigen of E. coli O107 (GalNAc is N-acetylgalactosamine, Rha is Rhamnose, Gal is galactose). The glycosyltransferases that create the Glc/GlcNAcα1-4Gal linkage are WclY(O117) and WclY(O107), and differ in only 3 amino acid residues. We have expressed WclY(O117) in a soluble and active …
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HPLC and mass spectrometry analysis of the free radical degradation of chondroitin sulfate and its implications in osteoarthritis
… free radical depolymerisation of CS yielded an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and a uronic acid with varied sulfation. This led us to investigate the possibility of other means of free radical generation with the potential to degrade CS. Alkaptonuria an ultra-rare (1:100000-1:250000) in born error …
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Investigations into the Functional Significance and Plasticity of O-linked Glycosylation
… is initiated by the attachment of an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) to a serine or threonine. This forms an initial structure called Thomsen-nouvelle (Tn) antigen. In healthy tissue, the Tn antigen is cryptic and further elaborated into linear or branched glycans. Failure in O-GalNAc …
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Role of VimA in Cell Surface Biogenesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis
… proteins glycosylated with Galactose (β 1,3) N-Acetylgalactosamine, N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine, Galactose (β 1,4) N-Acetylglucosamine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and Sialic Acid (N-Acetyl neuramic acid) were affected by the <em>vimA </em>mutation. Mass Spectrometric analysis of outermembrane and …
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Affinity purification of blood group A-active glycolipids on immobilized Helix pomatia lectin
… form micelles in aqueous solution. Since N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) is commonly found in glycolipids, three GalNAc-specific lectins were selected to develop a lectin affinity chromatographic method for glycolipids. To circumvent the difficulty of working with micelles, the …