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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"Acetolactate synthase (ALS)"”.
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Investigations on the Interations of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibiting Herbicides with Growth Regulator and non ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides in Corn (Zea mays) and Selected Weeds
… examine the interactions of 2,4-D, dicamba, and ALS-inhibitor herbicides with rimsulfuron plus thifensulfuron-methyl (RT) and with sethoxydim on giant foxtail, common ragweed, and common lambsquarters control in corn. Combinations of halosulfuron-methyl with 2,4-D or dicamba were generally …
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Physiological response of sulfonylurea-tolerant soybean to thifensulfuron and imazethapyr
… imazethapyr, an imidazolinone herbicide, inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS) and used for weed management in soybean production. Tank mixing thifensulfuron with imazethapyr would provide an excellent weed control spectrum for soybean production in Illinois but soybean injury precludes its use. A …
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Poison hemlock (conium Maculatum L.) : biology, implications for pastures and response to herbicides
… spring using amino acid biosynthesis inhibitors, acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and growth regulator herbicides. Results indicate poison hemlock is a prolific and viable seed producer (between 1,700 to 39,000 seed per plant), and portions of seed were capable of germination upon maturity, …
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Control and Fecundity of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) from Soybean Herbicides Applied at Various Growth and Development Stages
… possess widespread resistance to glyphosate and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides resulting in the use of protoporphyrinogen oxidase- (PPO) inhibitors to control these biotypes, although PPO-resistant biotypes are increasing. New soybean herbicide-resistant trait technologies …
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Characterization and Management of Acetolactate Synthase Inhibiting Herbicide Resistant Mouse-Ear Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) in Winter Wheat
The first case of field evolved acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicide resistance in the model plant, mouse-ear cress, was reported in winter wheat fields in Westmoreland County, Virginia. A putative resistant (R) mouse-ear population was assessed for ALS resistance relative to a putative …
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Non-target-site resistance to ALS inhibitors in waterhemp
The acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme, or acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) enzyme, is an essential enzyme in branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis, and is the target site of five families of herbicides referred to as ALS inhibitors. Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) is considered one of the …
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Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Waterhemp
… that survived following treatment of several acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, and a POST application of lactofen, a protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicide. Greenhouse studies were conducted with this waterhemp biotype, and revealed that plants were also resistant to …
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Factors affecting common lambsquarters' tolerance to imazethapyr
… absorption, translocation, and metabolism. Since acetolactate synthase (ALS, or acetohydroxyacid synthase) (EC 4.1.3.18) is the target enzyme of imazethapyr, the activity of this enzyme was also examined in vivo and in vitro. In vitro studies showed higher ALS activity in extracts from common …
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Prohexadione Calcium for Turfgrass Management and Poa annua Control and Molecular Assessment of the Acetolactate Synthase Gene in Poa annua
… characterizing possible resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides in annual bluegrass. Several selective herbicides for annual bluegrass control inhibit ALS. Since many weeds have developed resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, the ALS gene in annual bluegrass …
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Characterization of Candidate Compound for Control of Barnyardgrass and Other Troublesome Weeds In Rice
… In a dose-response experiment, susceptible-, acetolactate synthase (ALS)-, propanil-, and quinclorac-resistant barnyardgrass biotypes ED90 values for percent control, plant height, and biomass reductions of all resistant biotypes fell within the anticipated labeled rate of 30 g ha-1. Based on …
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Characterization of a novel five-way-resistant population of waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)
… herbicides having the following sites of action: acetolactate synthase (ALS), 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSPS), protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), TIR1 auxin receptor, Photosystem II (PSII), and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). In 2012, a grower reported the failure to control …
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Characterization of HPPD-inhibitor resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)
… presented in Chapter 3 indicates that MCR also demonstrates resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors, while glyphosate, glufosinate, and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors generally provide the greatest control of this population. …
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Characterization of PPO-inhibitor resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)
… weed species in the Midwest. The overuse of acetolactate synthase (ALS), photosystem II, and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitors to control these species led to the evolution of resistance to these herbicides and, thus, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors …
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Characterization of Acetolactate Synthase-Inhibiting Herbicide-Resistant Smooth Pigweed and Corn Weed Management Programs Utilizing Mesotrione in Combinations with Other Herbicides
Repeated use of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in recent years has resulted in the selection of 89 weed species resistant to these herbicides. One management strategy that can eliminate or slow the development of resistance is applying mixtures of herbicides with different modes …
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Preemergence activity of chloroacetamide herbicides on a multiple herbicide-resistant population of waterhemp (amaranthus tuberculatus)
… six different site-of-action groups including: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSPS) inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors, synthetic auxins, Photosystem II inhibitors (PSII), and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) …
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Weed Management Programs in Potato, Transplanted Tomato and Transplanted Pepper with Rimsulfuron and Other Herbicides
… POST with rimsulfuron plus metribuzin. Several acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides were evaluated for yellow nutsedge control in the greenhouse. Herbicides were applied POST to yellow nutsedge at actual or anticipated commercial rates. Yellow nutsedge control was 92 and 71% from …
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Growth Analyses and Patterns of Cross-Resistance in Four Imidazolinone-Resistant Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) Populations
… and R4) smooth pigweed populations to various acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides, (2) determine the mechanism of resistance, and (3) evaluate the relative growth and competitiveness of each population. Field studies were conducted in 1996 near Marion, MD, in a field with a …
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Imaging the distribution of agrochemicals in plants by MALDI-MSI.
… taken means that only a relatively few agrochemicals can be studied in this way.MALDI is a highly adaptable soft ionisation technique that was established in the late 1980's through the developmental research of Tanaka and Hillenkamp. The versatility of MALDI-MS has been extended in recent years …
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A waterhemp saga: Seed production, genetics, hybridization, and the creation and discovery of quad-stack individuals
… the crossing of a population resistant to ALS inhibitors, PPO inhibitors and PS II inhibitors with the glyphosate-resistant Missouri population) were investigated in Chapter 4 for the presence of four types of resistance, and individual plants were identified containing all four resistance …