Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"5hmC"”.
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ELUCIDATION OF MECHANISMS GENERATING 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE (5hmC) IN MAMMALIAN MITOCHONDRIA
… (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), an intermediate in the pathway of DNA demethylation. Tet enzymes catalyze this hydroxylation in a 2-oxoglutarate and Fe2+ dependent manner. We have recently reported significant levels of 5mC and 5hmC modification in immunoprecipitates of …
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Decoding 5HMC as an Active Chromatin Mark in the Brain and its Link to Rett Syndrome
… neurological disorders. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a recently identified DNA base derived from 5-methylcytosine, accounts for ~40% of modified cytosines in the neuronal genomes, suggesting that 5hmC is a stable epigenetic mark and its interpretation in the nervous system may differ from the …
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5-hydroxymethylcytosine and endonuclease G as regulators of homologous recombination
… modified nucleotide 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was found to regulate vertebrate HR via interaction with the protein endonuclease G (EndoG). In this dissertation, I use biochemical/biophysical methods to elucidate the interaction between 5hmC and EndoG, thus working towards understanding …
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The Role of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Genome Instability
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a modified base generated in vivo via the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) by members of the Ten Eleven Translocation (TET) dioxygenase enzyme family. Iterative oxidation of 5hmC to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) is also TET-dependent. 5mC …
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Developmental Dynamics of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and its Role in the Terminal Differentiation of Neurons
… Although 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), the oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine, accumulates to high levels in neuronal lineages and refines the genomic binding of MeCP2, the functional consequences of 5hmC deposition in differentiating neurons have not been determined. We report …
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Functional analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine
… are incapable of distinguishing between 5mC and 5hmC implying the necessity not only to develop techniques specific for 5-hmC characterization but also reevaluation of previously published 5mC data. The biological function of 5-hmC is unknown however many recent studies have suggested a role for …
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Cambios de metilación e hidroximetilación del ADN durante el envejecimiento de células madre mesenquimales humanas
… H3K4me1 en MSCs. Posteriormente, estudiamos la 5hmC en MSCs, la cual vimos que estaba asociada a regiones de baja densidad de CpGs, intrones, enhancers y a la H3k4me1. Además, se encontró que el aumento de 5hmC asociado a la pérdida de metilación con la edad en MSCs. Por último, durante el …
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Behavioural, genetic and epigenetic determinants of white matter pathology in a new mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
… alter oxygen dependent DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) in white matter regions via perturbations in methylation (5mC) and/ or Ten- eleven translocation proteins (e.g. TET2) in mice. DNA methylation (5mC), hydroxymethylation (5hmC) and TET2 were immunochemically studied in white and grey matter of …
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Development Of Single-Cell Transcriptomic & Epigenomic Sequencing Technologies To Assess Cell-Type-Specific Gene Regulatory Programs In Mammalian Brains
… base-resolution single-cell 5-hydroxymethylome (5hmC)- and “true” 5-methylcytosine (5mC) joint-profiling technology to assess the relationship of two DNA modifications with transcriptional outcomes in the same single cell. The current state-of-the-art DNA methylome profiling technologies rely …
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Regulation of De Novo and Maintenance Dna Methylation By Dnmt3A and Dnmt3B
… 5mC can be converted to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other oxidized derivatives by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases represents a breakthrough in the field. Since the discovery, great progress has been made in elucidating the DNA demethylation pathways. In addition to …
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Global alterations of the epigenetic landscape define endometrial receptivity and provide a hallmark for endometriosis
… as DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) profiles by meDIP-seq and hmeDIP-seq, respectively, of endometrial biopsies from control and endometriosis patients. My data reveal considerable changes to the epigenome that occur during the transition from the non-receptive to the receptive …
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Tet1: A Unique Dna Demethylase For Maintenance of Dna Methylation Pattern
… convert 5mC into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine both in vitro and in mammalian cells. Based on their potent oxidative activities on 5mC, TET proteins have shown great potential as the long-sought DNA demethylases that induce DNA demethylation through …
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Functional consequences of cytosine methylation in mitochondrial DNA catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase 1
… (5mC), but also 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), suggesting that previous reports likely underestimated the degree of epigenetic modification within the mitochondrial genome. We questioned how these modifications were generated by looking for mitochondrial isoforms of the nuclear-encoded …
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The Role of TET Proteins in the Epigenetic Regulation of Neural Gene Expression and Behavior
… 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). 5hmC and its catalysts, the TET proteins, are highly abundant in the postnatal brain but with unclear functions. To investigate their neural functions, we generated new lines of Tet1 and Tet3 mutant mice using a gene targeting approach. We …
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Metabolomics and chemical library screening for antibacterial drug discovery
… TET2 oxidizes 5mC into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) by iterative oxidation. Mutations in the TET2 gene are frequently detected in myeloid malignancies. Despite these critical emerging roles of TET dioxygenases in health and diseases, in …
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Programming of cardiovascular disease: an exploration of epigenetic mechanisms
… cytosine modifications; 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5- formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), has not been characterised during germ cell ontogeny. Using immunofluorescence to study DNA modifications during late gestation I identified that 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC were present between …
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Mechanism and Function of TrkB.T1 Astrocyte Expression
… (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in neurons, astrocytes and microglia utilizing nanopore sequencing. We identified robust differences in cell-type specific TrkB isoform expression is associated with significantly different 5mC and 5hmC patterns in neurons and astrocytes. …
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The role of Ten Eleven Translocation enzymes in the hair follicle mesenchyme
… DNA demethylation by the hydroxylation of 5mC to 5hmC which in turn causes gene transcription activation. Dermal papilla (DP) cells located within the hair follicle are responsible for the regulation of development and the growth of hair follicles. Fgf20 signalling controls commitment of the …
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UNRAVELING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF BRCA2-POLTETA INTERPLAY IN PREVENTING SSDNA GAP ACCUMULATION DURING DNA REPLICATION
… of demethylation intermediates, such as 5hmC, leading to the generation of abasic (AP) sites. Additionally, we demonstrate that the accumulation of AP sites impedes fork progression, resulting in ssDNA formation through repriming ahead of the lesion by PRIMPOL. Notably, we found that POLθ …
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Dynamic epigenetic modifications during human fetal germ cell development
… existence of 5mC and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) were synchronous rather than alternate. Determination of the levels of TET (ten-eleven translocation) proteins (TET 1, 2 and 3) reveal higher levels during the 1st trimester, with subsequent reductions in levels with gestations. Additional …
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