Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 41 for “"5-methylcytosine"”.
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Genetic requirements and molecular functions of 5-methylcytosine in Caenorhabditis elegans RNA
RNA molecules carry, in addition to their four canonical bases, a diverse range of chemically modified ribonucleosides. The methylation of carbon-5 of cytosines (m5C) in RNAs is a highly conserved and widely distributed feature in biological systems. Yet, the molecular functions of this …
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Genetic characterization of a family of mouse 5-methylcytosine binding protein genes
… defects, and lethality. Furthermore, methylcytosine-specific binding proteins have been described which seem to effect the transcriptional repression associated with DNA methylation by modifying chromatin structure surrounding methylated sites. Whether these factors are, in fact, …
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Nucleobase, Nucleoside, And Neighboring Nucleotides: Intrinsic Preferences For Tet Enzyme-Mediated Oxidation Of 5-Methylcytosine
… of enzymes can oxidize the fifth base of DNA, 5-methylcytosine (mC) sequentially, to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC), 5-formylcytosine (fC), and 5-carboxycytosine (caC). The biochemical preference of TET enzymes for these substrates, in the canonical cytosine guanine dinucleotides (CpG), mimics the …
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Investigating the role of RNA 5- methylcytosine on ribosomal and transfer RNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana
RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) is implicated to have multiple biological and molecular roles in single cell and multicellular organisms, including regulation of mRNA translation and plant growth. However, there are still many questions waiting to be answered. In my research, I addressed the roles of …
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Characterization of 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase Tet2 and rescue of mutant Tet2 activity by using turbo co-substrate
… of epigenetic transcription mediated by 5-methylcytosine (5mC) plays a critical role in eukaryotic development. Demethylation of these epigenetic marks is accomplished by sequential oxidation by ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TET1-3), followed by thymine-DNA glycosylase-dependent …
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Regulation and activity of the 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylase ROS1 contributes to DNA methylation patterning across development
… DNA methyltransferases and DNA demethylases. A 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylase, ROS1, removes DNA methylation from the Arabidopsis genome. In flowering plants, two distinct female gametes, the egg cell and the central cell, are fertilized, producing what will become the embryo and the endosperm …
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Chemical and Enzymatic Methods to Detect Chemical Modifications in Nucleic Acids
… to install a pyridine group selectively onto 5-methylcytosine. The pyridination reaction was a xanthone-photosensitised process involving 4-cyanopyridine that introduces a 4-pyridine modification at the methyl group of 5-methylcytosine. The transformation was compatible with a range of …
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Mapping Bisulfite-Treated Short DNA Reads
… cytosine epigenetically modifies cytosine to 5-methylcytosine or 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Upon PCR amplification, the bisulfite treatment of DNA converts unmethylated cytosine to thymine, while 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, and other bases remain unchanged. The resulting sequences …
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Functional genomics of developmental disorders
… of primarily cytosine bases within DNA to 5-methylcytosine through the addition of a methyl group, is an epigenetic mark with a variety of biological and cellular roles. Genetic and environmental influences can perturb DNA methylation patterns in humans, and the set of differentially …
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A photochemical method for the detection of cytosine modifications in DNA
… the benchmark technique for the detection of 5-methylcytosine and its oxidised derivatives, is highly destructive and greatly reduces the sequence complexity of DNA samples. These limitations are being addressed through the development of bisulfite-free sequencing methods that seek to detect …
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The Role of Metabolism and Epigenetics in Regulating Cellular Plasticity
… derived from oxidation and deamination of 5-methylcytosine—the primary epigenetic mark in DNA. Using an in vitro real-time kinetic assay, we identified that one of the best substrates for three of the four human glycosylases examined is 5-carboxyuracil (5caU). 5caU is the least likely product …
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Regulation of nucleosome dynamics
… DNA modifications such as DNA mismatches, 5-methylcytosine and 5-formylcytosine. DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine) decreases DNA flexibility and reduces nucleosome mechanical stability while DNA mismatches and 5-formylcytosine have opposite effects. Our results suggest a completely new …
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Developmental Dynamics of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and its Role in the Terminal Differentiation of Neurons
… and terminal differentiation. Although 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), the oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine, accumulates to high levels in neuronal lineages and refines the genomic binding of MeCP2, the functional consequences of 5hmC deposition in differentiating neurons have not been …
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Decoding the Fabric of Life: Nanopore Sensing of Nucleic Acid Structure from the Primary to the Quaternary
… various modifications that were used, such as 5-methylcytosine, 2’-deoxyinosine and 2’-O-methoxyethyl . The data acquired agreed well with values from the nearest neighbour model. Furthermore, I validated the assumption that the RNA-SCAN system is in equilibrium during measurements and attempted …
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The HLA Complex Group 9 Gene Modification Study in Major Psychosis
… we characterized genome-wide distribution of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in neural and non-neural tissue from mice and humans. 5-hmC has been recently found to be abundant in brain but its function is poorly understood. We assayed 5-hmC by using glucosylation …
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Purification and Characterization of a Methyl-DNA Binding Protein Complex from Primary Erythroid Cells
… region (M-ρ248), than for an artificial 5-methylcytosine-rich sequence (M-CG11).To define the components of the MeCPC, we developed two chromatographic procedures to purify the complex from adult chicken red blood cell nuclear extracts (Purification Strategies I and II). Mass spectrometry …
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ELUCIDATION OF MECHANISMS GENERATING 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE (5hmC) IN MAMMALIAN MITOCHONDRIA
… and development. Recently, the Tet family of methylcytosine dioxygenases(Tet1, Tet2 and Tet3) was found to catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), an intermediate in the pathway of DNA demethylation. Tet enzymes catalyze this hydroxylation in a …
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Functional consequences of cytosine methylation in mitochondrial DNA catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase 1
… function. We show that mtDNA contains not only 5-methylcytosine (5mC), but also 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), suggesting that previous reports likely underestimated the degree of epigenetic modification within the mitochondrial genome. We questioned how these modifications were generated by …
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The Role of TET Proteins in the Epigenetic Regulation of Neural Gene Expression and Behavior
… modification of DNA methylation by converting 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). 5hmC and its catalysts, the TET proteins, are highly abundant in the postnatal brain but with unclear functions. To investigate their neural functions, we generated new lines of Tet1 and Tet3 mutant …
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Genome-Wide Characterization of the Effects of Nucleic Acid Modifying Enzymes: Cytidine Deaminases and DNA Methylation
… sequencing to explore the distribution of 5-methylcytosine in Trypanosoma brucei. In both of these cases, results were inconclusive but suggest future directions for investigation.</p>
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