Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC)"”.
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ELUCIDATION OF MECHANISMS GENERATING 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE (5hmC) IN MAMMALIAN MITOCHONDRIA
… the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), an intermediate in the pathway of DNA demethylation. Tet enzymes catalyze this hydroxylation in a 2-oxoglutarate and Fe2+ dependent manner. We have recently reported significant levels of 5mC and 5hmC modification in …
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Developmental Dynamics of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and its Role in the Terminal Differentiation of Neurons
… and terminal differentiation. Although 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), the oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine, accumulates to high levels in neuronal lineages and refines the genomic binding of MeCP2, the functional consequences of 5hmC deposition in differentiating neurons have not been …
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5-hydroxymethylcytosine and endonuclease G as regulators of homologous recombination
… the epigenetically modified nucleotide 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was found to regulate vertebrate HR via interaction with the protein endonuclease G (EndoG). In this dissertation, I use biochemical/biophysical methods to elucidate the interaction between 5hmC and EndoG, thus working …
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Functional consequences of cytosine methylation in mitochondrial DNA catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase 1
… not only 5-methylcytosine (5mC), but also 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), suggesting that previous reports likely underestimated the degree of epigenetic modification within the mitochondrial genome. We questioned how these modifications were generated by looking for mitochondrial isoforms of …
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The Role of TET Proteins in the Epigenetic Regulation of Neural Gene Expression and Behavior
… methylation by converting 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). 5hmC and its catalysts, the TET proteins, are highly abundant in the postnatal brain but with unclear functions. To investigate their neural functions, we generated new lines of Tet1 and Tet3 mutant mice using a gene …
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Decoding 5HMC as an Active Chromatin Mark in the Brain and its Link to Rett Syndrome
… frequently altered in neurological disorders. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a recently identified DNA base derived from 5-methylcytosine, accounts for ~40% of modified cytosines in the neuronal genomes, suggesting that 5hmC is a stable epigenetic mark and its interpretation in the nervous …
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Dynamic epigenetic modifications during human fetal germ cell development
… demonstrated that the existence of 5mC and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) were synchronous rather than alternate. Determination of the levels of TET (ten-eleven translocation) proteins (TET 1, 2 and 3) reveal higher levels during the 1st trimester, with subsequent reductions in levels with …
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Programming of cardiovascular disease: an exploration of epigenetic mechanisms
… recently identified cytosine modifications; 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5- formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), has not been characterised during germ cell ontogeny. Using immunofluorescence to study DNA modifications during late gestation I identified that 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC …
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The Role of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Genome Instability
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a modified base generated in vivo via the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) by members of the Ten Eleven Translocation (TET) dioxygenase enzyme family. Iterative oxidation of 5hmC to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) is also TET-dependent. 5mC …
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Mechanism and Function of TrkB.T1 Astrocyte Expression
… thus profiled the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in neurons, astrocytes and microglia utilizing nanopore sequencing. We identified robust differences in cell-type specific TrkB isoform expression is associated with significantly different 5mC and 5hmC patterns in …
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Tet1: A Unique Dna Demethylase For Maintenance of Dna Methylation Pattern
… which consecutively convert 5mC into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine both in vitro and in mammalian cells. Based on their potent oxidative activities on 5mC, TET proteins have shown great potential as the long-sought DNA demethylases that induce …
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Regulation of De Novo and Maintenance Dna Methylation By Dnmt3A and Dnmt3B
… <p>The finding that 5mC can be converted to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other oxidized derivatives by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases represents a breakthrough in the field. Since the discovery, great progress has been made in elucidating the DNA demethylation …
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Metabolomics and chemical library screening for antibacterial drug discovery
… demethylation of 5mC. TET2 oxidizes 5mC into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) by iterative oxidation. Mutations in the TET2 gene are frequently detected in myeloid malignancies. Despite these critical emerging roles of TET dioxygenases in …
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Maintaining Proper Levels of DNA Methylation Marks Through the TET Family is Critical for Normal Embryo Development in Pigs
… the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). The three members of TET protein family, TET1, TET2, and TET3, are highly expressed in preimplantation embryos in a stage-specific manner. Previous studies demonstrated that TET proteins are involved in diverse …
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Characterization of 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase Tet2 and rescue of mutant Tet2 activity by using turbo co-substrate
… the oxidation of 5mC at CpH sites produces 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxycytosine (5caC) bases in DNA. After 5mCpG, which is the preferred substrate, TET2 prefers 5mCpC as a substrate, followed by 5mCpA and 5mCpT. Because the TDG/BER pathway can convert …