Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 87 for “"β-cell"”.
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β-cell dysfunction in Huntington's disease
… neurons and the insulin secreting pancreatic β-cell, pathological mechanisms may be shared by both cell types and account for neuronal as well as endocrine dysfunction. Hence, finding the mechanisms behind β-cell dysfunction in HD could identify potential therapeutic targets for the neuronal …
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Modern control system for artificial pancreatic β cell
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1981.
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The impact of glucotoxicity on pancreatic β-cell function
… glucose levels which negatively influence β-cells and cause impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The aim of present thesis was to investigate the impact of long-term hyperglycemia on the pancreatic islet β-cell function. The data showed abnormally increased expression of …
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Mechanisms of High Glucose-induced Decrease in β-cell Function
… a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, can decrease β-cell function and mass (β-cell glucotoxicity); however, the mechanisms are incompletely understood. The objective was to examine the mechanisms of β-cell glucotoxicity using in vivo and ex vivo models. The hypothesis is that oxidative stress plays a …
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Targeted Epigenetic Editing to Increase Adult Pancreatic Β-Cell Proliferation
β-cell replacement therapy is potentially a curative approach in treating diabetes, as demonstrated by the success of pancreatic islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes. However, there are an insufficient number of organ donors to meet the demand of this disease, which is increasing in prevalence. …
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Transglutaminase in the life and death of the pancreatic β-cell
… TG2 protein has been reported in numerous intracellular mechanisms, cell-surface associations, and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. In the pancreas, the expression of TG may be fundamental to the insulin-secretion function of β-cells, and associated diabetic disorders. The functional …
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Search for molecular and metabolic mechanisms contributing to impaired β-cell function
… The link between genotype, environment and β-cell function is still being investigated. I have devoted the work presented in this thesis to attempt to elucidate the coupling of β-cell metabolism to insulin secretion and to look for casual mechanisms underlying metabolic alterations disturbing …
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Studies of TNF- α-induced -GSIS Inhibition in INS-1 β-cell
BACKGRAUND AND AIMS: Pancreatic β-cell which produce and secrete insulin, is responsible for regulation of plasma glucose concentration. GSIS depends on coordinated glucose uptakes, oxidative metabolism nd Ca(2+)+-triggered insulin exocytosis. Imparied GSIS is a hallmark of type Ⅱ Diabetes. It has …
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Proteomic Characterization of Human Multipotent Stromal Cells Secreted Proteins with Therapeutic Potential for β-cell Regeneration
Novel strategies to stimulate the expansion of β-cell mass in situ are warranted for diabetes therapy. Cell-replacement therapies for the treatment of diabetes have become a focal point in recent years. Endogenous regeneration of β-cell mass has been demonstrated using human multipotent stromal …
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Endogenous glucagon-cells are necessary for the glucose-responsiveness of the HIT-T15 hamster β-cell line
… was investigated using the hamster insulinoma cell line, HIT-T15, as a model of the pancreatic β-cell. Glucose-stimulated insulin release from HIT-T15 cells was concentration-dependent over a range of glucose concentrations between 0 and 15 mM, with immunoreactive-insulin release (IRI) rising …
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Mechanisms of insulin resistance and β - cell failure in type 2 diabetes. Effective diet against o minous octet
Úvod a cíle: Dietní intervence je pilířem léčby diabetu 2. typu (T2D). Vegetariánská strava je zajímavou alternativou. Cíle naší studie byly následující: 1. Porovnat účinky vegetariánské a konvenční diabetické diety se srovnatelnou kalorickou restrikcí na inzulínovou rezistenci, objem viscerálního …
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Excessive iron accumulation mediated oxidative stress and β-cell dysfunction via perturbations of insulin secretion in MIN6 cells
… of T2DM. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated cellular oxidative damage has been implicated in cellular dysfunction in various organs and disease states. Exposure to high level of glucose during hyperglycaemia has been co-related to ROS generation and oxidative stress in β-cells. In the initial …
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Broad Remodeling of the Acetylproteome by SIRT3 Manipulation Fails to Affect Insulin Secretion or β-cell Metabolism in the Absence of Dietary Overnutrition
… protein deacetylase purported to influence cellular and systemic metabolism through modulation of the mitochondrial acetylproteome. Fuel-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic islets involves mitochondrial metabolism and might be susceptible to SIRT3-mediated effects. To investigate …
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The Parotid Salivary Glands. I. Potential Role of a Parotid Factor Modulating Pancreatic β-Cell Function. II. An Immunohistological Study to Identify Parotid Hormone Secreting Cell(s)
… of salivary glands in the regulation of β-cell function in response to an acute intra-arterial glucose challenge in parotidectomized, submandibulariectomized and totally sialoadenectomized animals. Fifteen days post-parotidectomy or total sialoadenectomy, the β-cell response, at 2 minutes …
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The Roles of Free Fatty Acids and Inflammation in β-Cell Dysfunction
β-cell lipotoxicity refers to the adverse effects of chronically elevated plasma free fatty acids on β-cell function and mass and plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. The objective of my thesis was to investigate the role of inflammation in fat-induced β-cell dysfunction in vivo. I used in …
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The non-canonical NF-kappaB pathway as a novel player in beta cell dysfunction in diabetes
Loss of pancreatic β cell mass and function is a feature of both type-1 and type-2 diabetes. The non-canonical NF-κB pathway has recently garnered attention at being involved in the development of peripheral insulin resistance (liver, muscle) in diabetes. Whether pancreatic β cell non-canonical …
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The anti-diabetic mechanisms by isoflavone genistein
… dysfunction and significant loss of functional β-cells. As such, the search for novel agents that promote β-cell survival and preserve functional β-cell mass are one of the essential strategies to prevent and treat the onset of diabetes. Genistein, a flavonoid in legumes and some herbal medicines, …
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Erythropoietin Signaling in Pancreatic Beta Cells in Homeostasis and in Models of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
… of diabetes is the insufficient functional β-cell mass to maintain euglycemia; therefore, the promotion of β-cell survival and growth is a fundamental goal for diabetes prevention and treatment. Evidence has suggested that erythropoietin (EPO) exerts cytoprotective effects on non-erythroid …
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Molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of beta-cell viability by Signal Regulatory Protein-Alpha (SIRPα)
… mellitus (T1DM) is characterised by pancreatic β-cell demise, resulting in a requirement for permanent insulin therapy. Pro-inflammatory cytokine pathways, acting via STAT1 and STAT2, contribute to β-cell death whereas anti-inflammatory mechanisms (operating via cytokines such as Interleukin-13 …
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