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Showing 1 to 20 of 25 for “"[Fe-S] clusters"”.
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Organometallic Chemistry in Fe–S Clusters
The organometallic chemistry of Fe–S clusters has emerged as a new area in Fe–S enzyme biochemistry. In particular, alkylated [Fe₄S₄] clusters are now thought to be important intermediates in several classes of enzymes, including radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) enzymes and enzymes involved in …
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Coordination Chemistry of Fe–S Clusters Supported by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes
Iron–sulfur clusters are ubiquitous in Nature and carry out some of the most challenging multielectron redox reactions in the biosphere while utilizing three primary building blocks: Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, and S²⁻. Studying synthetic Fe–S clusters aids in understanding the underlying properties of Fe–S …
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Cysteine Desulfurases Mediating Sulfur Trafficking for the Biosynthesis of Fe-S Clusters
Bacteria have developed systems to safely traffic intracellular iron and sulfur for the biosynthesis of Fe-S clusters. These dedicated pathways guarantee the recruitment of individual components, their assembly into clusters and delivery to final targets. Despite variations on pathway composition, …
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Experimental Characterization of Iron-Sulfur Cluster Excited States and their Relevance to Electron Transfer Reactions
Iron-sulfur (Fe−S) clusters, and cuboidal [Fe₄S₄] clusters in particular, are biologically ubiquitous metallocofactors involved in a diverse array of cellular processes. The electronic structures of these metallocofactors are highly multiconfigurational, and characterized by dense manifolds of …
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Metallocluster Site-Differentiation and Subsite Specific Heterometal Substitution
The deployment of metalloclusters in applications such as catalysis and materials synthesis requires robust methods for site-differentiation: the conversion of clusters with symmetric ligand spheres to those with unsymmetrical ligand spheres. However, imparting precise patterns of …
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Biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters and intracellular iron metabolism
Iron-sulfur ([Fe-S]) clusters represent one of natures most diverse and ubiquitous protein prosthetic groups. [Fe-S] proteins are integral for diverse biological processes. Reconstitution of apo-proteins can occur by exogenously adding excess iron and sulfide. However, due to the toxicity of iron …
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Synthesis of Isotopically Labeled Fe and S-alkylated Iron-Sulfur Clusters
… (SAM) enzymes (RS enzymes) use a 3:1 site-differentiated [Fe₄S₄]⁺ cluster to reductively cleave the SAM cofactor and generate a 5’-deoxyadenosyl radical intermediate (5’-dAdo•) that regio- and stereospecifically abstracts an H-atom from the target substrate. It has been proposed that 5’-dAdo• …
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Biophysical Investigations of the Cytosolic Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly Pathway Late Acting Proteins
The cytosolic iron-sulfur ([Fe-S]) cluster assembly (CIA) pathway matures cytosolic and nuclear iron-sulfur dependent proteins found in eukaryotic cells. [Fe-S] clusters are involved in life-sustaining processes such as: DNA replication and repair, transcription, translation, and nucleotide and …
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Assembly of Iron-Sulfur Clusters In Vivo
Iron-sulfur [Fe-S] clusters are protein cofactors that facilitate various life-sustaining biological processes. Their in vivo assembly is accomplished by three different systems known to date. These are: the NIF system which provides [Fe-S] clusters for nitrogenase and other nitrogen-fixing …
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Biosynthesis and Functions of tRNA 2-Thiouridine in Bacillus subtilis
… of sulfur-containing biomolecules, including [Fe-S] clusters, thiamine, biotin and thionucleosides, such as 2-thiouridine. Thiolation of the wobble uridine on tRNA molecules to yield 2-thiouridine is critical for accuracy and efficiency in translation in all three domains of life, and depletion …
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Characterizing the Roles of Sufb and Sufa in Fe-S Cluster Assembly and Trafficking in Suf Pathway
<p>Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential cofactors in various metalloproteins and are best known for their roles in electron transport as well as redox and non-redox catalysis. Three Fe-S cluster assembly systems: Nif, Isc, and Suf have been identified. The sufABCDSE operon is activated in E. …
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Chemical Modification of Iron-Sulfur Cofactors
Iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cofactors are multi-metallic clusters that are found in all living organisms. The presence of multiple metal centers enables these cofactors to perform some of the most challenging chemical transformations in biosphere, such as activation of strong C–H bonds and reduction of N2, …
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Biosynthesis of Iron-Sulfur Clusters
It is not known whether biosynthesis of [Fe-S] clusters occurs through a spontaneous self-assembly process or an enzymatic process. However, in the <I>Azotobacter</I> <I>vinelandii</I> nitrogenase system, it has been proposed that NifS and NifU are involved in the mobilization of sulfur and iron …
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FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF THE FE-S CLUSTER BIOGENESIS BY SUF SYSTEM
Iron-Sulfur clusters are important metal cofactors for many enzymes. Bacteria have dedicated systems for the maturation and trafficking of Fe-S clusters. The SUF (Sulfur Utilization Factor) system is the only housekeeping system in Gram-positive bacteria; whereas in Gram-negative bacteria, the SUF …
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Study of Nitrogenase Cofactors bound to Nitrogenase Carrier Proteins
Nitrogenases employ Fe-S clusters as catalytic cofactors to perform the kinetically challenging reduction of N₂ to NH₃. The unique reactivity of nitrogenase cofactors is derived in part from the complexity of their cluster composition, featuring eight metal sites, at least seven of which are Fe. …
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Characterization of Fe-S Cluster Assembly On the Sufbc2D Complex
<p>In vivo biogenesis of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster cofactors requires complex biosynthetic machinery to limit release of iron and sulfide, to protect the Fe-S cluster from oxidation, and to target the Fe-S cluster to the correct apo-enzyme. The SufABCDSE pathway for Fe-S cluster assembly in E. …
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New Insights into Mycofactocin Biosynthesis, Structure and Function
… MftA to form MftA*. The roles of the auxiliary [Fe-S] clusters in MftC catalysis as well as the subsequent steps in the biosynthesis of mycofactocin are not known. Here, we have provided additional information regarding the roles of the auxiliary clusters in MftC. We showed that MftC contains …
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The metabolism of iron-sulfur clusters during hydrogen peroxide stress in escherichia coli
… blocked the biosynthesis of leucine. The defect was tracked to the inactivation of isopropylmalate isomerase. This enzyme belongs to a family of [4Fe-4S] dehydratases that are notoriously sensitive to univalent oxidation, and experiments confirmed that other members were also inactivated. In …
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Genetic and biochemical characterization of YrkF, a novel two-domain sulfurtransferase in Bacillus subtilis
… biotin, molybdopterin, lipoic acid, and [Fe-S] clusters are essential for life. Sulfurtransferases are present in eukaryotes, eubacteria, and archaea and are believed to play important roles in mobilizing sulfur necessary for biosynthesis of these compounds and for normal cellular …
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Modeling The Active Site Of [NiFe]-Hydrogenase
… on the first hydrogenase to be evolved, the [NiFe]-hydrogenase, which contains a heterobimetallic NiFe active site. The [NiFe]- hydrogenase is a heterodimeric enzyme, and it is composed of a large subunit and a small subunit, inside the large subunit is buried the active site deep within the …
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