Evaluating Application Timing Strategies, Suitability, and Efficacy of Apple Blossom Thinning Chemicals for Commercial Use

With post-bloom chemical fruit thinning responses being heavily influenced by tree carbohydrate reserves and weather conditions, there is a need for alternative thinning practices such as chemical blossom thinning in the Mid-Atlantic apple growing region. This project sought to 1) evaluate timing strategies for lime sulfur + stylet-oil blossom thinning sprays and 2) screen chemical agents for their suitability and efficacy as blossom thinners. In the first study, two 'Gala'/'M.9' blocks in different states (North Carolina and Virginia) were utilized in 2019 to compare between pollen tube growth model-guided blossom thinning sprays and those that are based on fixed time intervals between the initial application and subsequent thinning sprays. It was generally found that model-guided blossom thinning sprays and sprays applied at 20% open bloom and 48 hours after reduced fruit set, crop load, and improved fruit weight. In the second study, a 'Honeycrisp'/'B.9' and 'Cripps Pink'/'M.9' apple block in Virginia were used in 2018 and 2019 to evaluate multiple chemical agents with and without stylet-oil. Most of the treatments under-thinned compared to untreated control trees. However, it was determined that ammonium thiosulfate with and without stylet-oil was the most effective thinning agent. Potassium bicarbonate + stylet-oil was observed to cause excessive fruit russeting and phytotoxicity. This project demonstrated that optimum apple crop loads can be obtained if lime sulfur + stylet-oil blossom thinning sprays are applied at the proper time, and that multiple chemical agents offer potential use for chemical blossom thinning in the Mid-Atlantic region

Name thesis:degree_name

Master of Science

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Horticulture

Department dc:contributor.department

Horticulture

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Tech

Year dc:date.issued

2020

Author dc:creator

• Allen, William Chester G.

Chair dc:contributor.committeechair

• Sherif, Sherif M.

Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember

• Kon, Thomas M.
• Yoder, Keith S.

• Apple
• Blossom
• Thinning
• Chemical
• Timing
• Suitability
• Efficacy

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Dc Identifier Other

vt_gsexam:23891

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/96444