The effects of porosity on the out-of-plane tensile strength of laminated composites

The objective of this study was to investigate the out-of-plane tensile strength of graphite/epoxy laminates as a function of porosity. An experimental test program was designed to apply tension to the faces of circular graphite/epoxy specimens in a direction perpendicular to the laminate mid-plane. The specimens were removed from the webs of angle sections fabricated by Lockheed Georgia Company using (AS4/1806 and AS4/3501-6 graphite/epoxy material systems with a stacking sequence of (±45/90₂/ ±45/0₂)_S or (±45/0₂/ +̅ 45/90₂)_S. The specimen porosities were the result of four distinct processing methods: a baseline hand lay-up, low pressure cure-cycle, a solvent wipe of pre-preg to remove resin, and the addition of water between pre-pregs. The experimental results have shown a significant reduction in the out-of-plane tensile strength as a function of increasing void content. The volume fraction of pores, pore geometry, size, and orientation were determined for a representative number of specimens by metallography and optical analysis methods. This data was combined with the out-of-plane tensile data and used in the theoretical model, prepared by Brown et al, to predict the out-of-plane strength as a function of porosity. The predicted strength values compared very well with the experimental data when the pores were found to be uniformly distributed throughout the laminate.

Name thesis:degree_name

Master of Science

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Engineering Mechanics

Department dc:contributor.department

Engineering Mechanics

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Year dc:date.issued

1988

Author dc:creator

• Tomasino, Alfred P.

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Language dc:language.iso

en_US

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53192

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/53192