Trading places : the development of markets for ecosystem services in the United States

The concept of ecosystem services has become ubiquitous in environmental planning and policy. One way of turning the insight that society depends on nature for a wide range of benefits into practice is by creating markets for ecosystem services. Despite much enthusiasm and research, relatively few such markets have been implemented successfully. The basic question that this dissertation seeks to answer is why has it been so difficult to create successful markets for ecosystem services in the United States? Based on an in-depth analysis of efforts to create markets for ecosystem services in the Willamette River basin and the Chesapeake Bay watershed, I have identified three important challenges to ecosystem service market (ESM) creation. The first is push back from people care deeply about particular places. It is hard to honor such concerns when basic market logic assumes that environmental qualities can and should be easily moved from place to place. The second reason is dissatisfaction with measurement systems used to calculate how many credits a particular project or place is worth. Since many of the participants in a proposed market have different interests, the demands they create on these measurement tools are incompatible. The third and final reason it has been so difficult to create markets for ecosystem services in the United States is that it is difficult to bring together all the relevant stakeholders and give them a chance to participate in decisions regarding market design. Who should participate, what form this engagement should take and who has the authority to initiate a market are all questions that are exceedingly difficult to answer. I offer several suggestions regarding ways of overcoming these three challenges.

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Urban Studies and Planning.

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2013

Author dc:creator

• Van Maasakkers, Mattijs J. (Mattijs Johannes)

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Lawrence E. Susskind.

• Urban Studies and Planning.

Statement dc:rights

• M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84429

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/84429