Estimating hydrologic fluxes, crop water use, and agricultural land use in China from multiple data sources

Crop production has significantly altered the terrestrial environment by changing land use (Ramankutty et al., 2008) and by altering the water cycle through both co-opting rainfall and surface water withdrawals (Postel et al., 1996). As the world's population continues to grow and individual diets become more resource-intensive, the demand for food - and the land and water necessary to produce it - will continue to increase. Quantitative data about water availability, water use, and agricultural land use are needed to develop sustainable water and agricultural planning and policies. However, existing large-scale data are susceptible to errors and can be physically inconsistent. China is an example of a large area where food demand is expected to increase and a lack of data clouds the resource management dialogue. Some assert that China will have insufficient land and water resources to feed itself, posing a threat to global food security if they seek to increase food imports (Brown and Starke, 1995). Others believe resources are plentiful (Lomborg, 2001). Without quantitative data, it is difficult to discern if these concerns are realistic or overly dramatized. This thesis presents a quantitative approach to characterize hydrologic fluxes, crop water use, and agricultural land use and applies the methodology in China using data from around the year 2000. The approach uses the principles of water balance and of crop water requirements to assimilate existing data with a least-squares estimation technique, producing new estimates of water and land use variables that are physically consistent while minimizing differences from measured data. We argue that this technique for estimating water fluxes and agricultural land use can provide a useful basis for resource management and policy, both in China and around the world.

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2016

Author dc:creator

• Smith, Tiziana

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Dennis B. McLaughlin.

• Civil and Environmental Engineering.
• Institute for Data, Systems, and Society.
• Engineering Systems Division.
• Technology and Policy Program.

Statement dc:rights

• M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104166

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/104166