High-precision electron-spin sensing with ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

This thesis describes physical background and an experimental realization of a bulk diamond magnetic field and temperature sensor. The sensing is done using continuous-wave electron-spin resonance spectra of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. Experiments were performed using a light-trapping diamond waveguide sample, with which we estimate to address 10¹³ nitrogen-vacancy centers simultaneously. We derive energy level structure of a nitrogen-vacancy center and recover resonant frequencies of the ESR spectrum. Using the Lindblad master equation, we model ESR line-shape and for the first time consider the influence of infrared driving on the ESR contrast. Both continuous-wave and pulsed sensing protocols are described, and a novel reference-free temperature sensing scheme is proposed. In addition to building a laboratory setup for sensing, we discuss how to miniaturize the setup components and make an on-chip diamond sensor. In particular, we optimize the on-chip fluorescence collection apparatus. Finally, using the built laboratory setup, we demonstrate magnetic field sensitivity floor on the order of 1 nT/Hz 1/2 and temperature sensitivity floor of 0.3 mK/Hz 1/2.

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics.

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2015

Author dc:creator

• Đorđević, Tamara

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Dirk R. Englund and Vladan Vuletić.

• Physics.

Statement dc:rights

• M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100340

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/100340