Dispositifs de conservation écorégionale et droits indigènes dans l’Amazonie Bolivienne: Les cas des Peuples du Madidi et Pilón Lajas

The apparatus of conservation at the ecoregional scale integrating natural landscape and cultural landscapes in the Amazon basin has been introduced by international conservation NGOs since the beginning of the 90s when the term hotspot was invented to designate the importance of "mega-diversity "of tropical forests for the survival of humanity. The representation of environmental problems in the Amazon region as serious threats to life on the planet entered the political agenda of the international community becoming a matter of priority attention. To find solutions to this expanding threat, scientists, activists and interested parties have reflected on some formulas, innovative programs and strategies in order that cooperation and international aid could favor the action of effective conservation and sustainable development. The problem of resource degradation of biodiversity, and the loss of the values of cultural diversity of Amazonian peoples is since then conceived as a challenge that goes beyond national political interests, becoming a global issue. Bolivia was a breeding ground for these pioneering efforts, they have made a pragmatic view of international aid with new tools and effective techniques to combat emerging threats, one of them are financial mechanisms for conservation planning. These have entered the Bolivian legal system from the 80 which coincides with the modernization of the state, an ambitious development plan supported by the implementation of neoliberal measures to promote economic growth, administrative decentralization as a new form to exercise power by delegating powers to the departmental and municipal levels, popular participation, as legitimacy methodology, defining local actors and regional planning policy as a useful management of natural resources for sustainable development. International actors of conservation, a group of scientific elite and environmental activists in the country and leaders of local indigenous movements have played an important role before and after this neoliberal modernization in the implementation of an ecorregional conservation apparatus in the Bolivian Amazon. The objective of this transdisciplinaria research, is an ethnographic description, based on the theoretical and methodological repertoire of legal anthropology and sociology of ANT Translation, of how the practices and strategies of conservation at the ecoregional scale through its technical, financial and legal instruments configure the territories, affect social relations and transform representations and practices of the nature of Amazonian peoples Mosetene, Tsimane' Tacana, Quechua-Tacana and Leco. The traditional spaces of these peoples are in total or partially overlapping with the current Natural Park and Integrated Management Area Madidi and Biosphere Reserve and Indigenous Territory Pilón Lajas implemented as protected areas during the 90 In this context, challenges and current controversies looming over the planning and use of space at different scales between actors of the policies of sustainable development and conservation, local political elites and indigenous peoples.

Grantor dc:publisher

ULiège - Université de Liège

Year dc:date

2015

Author dc:creator

• Marquez Guerra, José Francisco

Contributors dc:contributor

• Melard, François

• Amazonia
• ecoregional conservation
• indigenous territorial management
• Social & behavioral sciences, psychology
• Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie

Statement dc:rights

• restricted access
• info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess

Licence

• http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec

Language dc:language

es

Identifier

info:hdl:2268/179193

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/179193