Medienspezifische Sprachperformanz : eine empirische Studie zum Einfluss von Medialitätsmodus und Interaktivität bei Agrammatikern und Sprachgesunden

This empirical study provides detailed evidence how dialogue and media factors impact language performance. Accordingly, both lexical choice and syntax (and also monitoring and repair behavior) encountered in persons suffering central language disorders (aphasia) and normal control persons are impacted in response to the conditions of interactive and media production and reception. The results are based on the linguistic and statistical analysis of oral and computer-mediated written text production, in which contextual factors, dialogue partners and the kind of semantic text (film report) were rendered comparable. The test persons consisted of eight persons suffering chronic agrammatism, plus eight healthy control persons selected to match the aphasic patients in respect of sex, education and age (45 - 75 years). It was shown that the symptoms of agrammatism are amplified by the volatile/transitory character of oral text production according to media mode (oral vs. written). The reduced time window which aphasics have for processing their utterances means that oral mode features lengthier, filled pauses and iterative strategies, which both aid memory functions and enable maintenance of turn in dialogue. At the same time, the graphic platform in reading and writing creates a stable opportunity for processing language structures, enabling the use of all language resources. This provides the test persons using the monoactive written medium with the opportunity to use a literate style, characterized by a higher proportion of nominal elements, a wider range of verb variation, and longer and more complex phrase and sentence structures. As was shown, the online environment in FACE-TO-FACE Communication requires rapid language processing and synchronization with interactants. In both test groups, this results in a simple style of language featuring short and paratactical language structures. Likewise in written-based COMPUTER-TALK, both groups of test persons elect an abbreviated style of language featuring sentence fragments and paratactical structures. This confirms the thesis that the new communication media (CHAT and COMPUTER-TALK) occupy a borderline between orality and literality, in which, although processed in a written way, they are "re-oralized". Furthermore, the study contributes to the adaptation theory explaining the variability in the symptoms of agrammatism. In fact, this would concretize the "overuse" and ellipsis hypothesis that the telegram-style utterances of agrammatics mainly consist of well-formed "context ellipses". At the same time, this adaptation is not exclusively the result of the reduced working capacity of agrammatics, but occurs - as in normal speakers - as a result of a strategic adaptation to the media formats and interactive conditions which apply. On the whole, the study shows that, in spite of their language disorder, mildly to moderately chronic agrammatics, just like normal persons, are able to choose between different language styles, adapting them according to addressee, communication goal and media performance. Thus, the intra-individual variability of agrammatism can only be explained as being induces by media and interactive factors in using language. To this extent, the examples of language performance by aphasics focus on a general characteristic of language: knowledge of language is not organized independently of context, but is processed media-specifically and in relation to the mode of interaction.

Grantor dc:publisher

Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University

Year dc:date

2004

Author dc:creator

• Springer, Luise

Contributors dc:contributor

• Jäger, Ludwig

• info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/400
• Agrammatismus
• Performanz
• Kommunikationsverhalten
• Indirekte Kommunikation
• Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik
• Medialität
• Aphasie
• Computer-Talk
• Face-to-Face
• Monitorings- und Repairverhalten
• Textproduktion
• Adaptationshypothese

Statement dc:rights

• info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Language dc:language

ger

Identifier

https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-121337%22

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:59560